What term describes insufficient energy provisions for training and normal physiological functioning?

The term that accurately describes insufficient energy provisions for training and normal physiological functioning is low-energy availability (LEA). This concept refers to a state where an individual is consuming fewer calories than are necessary to support their energy expenditure, which can happen due to inadequate dietary intake or excessive energy expenditure from physical activity. This condition is particularly relevant in sports and exercise contexts where athletes often need to balance their calorie intake with their training demands.

Low-energy availability can lead to a variety of physiological issues, including decreased metabolic rates, impaired immune function, hormonal imbalances, and increased risk of injury. Athletes and active individuals need to be especially mindful of their caloric intake to support both their training regimen and their overall health.

In contrast, other terms such as high-energy availability, caloric surplus, and energy excess suggest situations where energy intake is adequate or excessive, which does not align with the description of insufficient energy provisions.