Which athletic measure is impacted negatively by higher body fat levels?

Higher body fat levels generally exert a negative effect on various athletic performance measures due to the additional weight that must be lifted or moved during these physical activities.

In the case of the vertical jump, which relies heavily on power-to-weight ratio, increased body fat can hinder an athlete’s ability to generate explosive upward force. The additional weight can result in less effective jump mechanics and reduced overall power output.

The 40-yard dash, a sprinting test, can also be adversely affected by higher body fat. Sprinting performance relies on speed, agility, and acceleration, all of which can be compromised by the extra weight from body fat. This can slow the runner down and reduce overall performance.

Similarly, the 5-10-5 (pro agility) test requires quick changes of direction and acceleration. Body fat can impede agility and speed because it requires greater energy expenditure and can affect the stability and quickness of movements.

Therefore, all these athletic measures negatively correlate with higher body fat levels, making the conclusion that they all are impacted valid.