Which component of metabolism includes both BMR and voluntary activities like exercise?

Total daily energy expenditure encompasses the total amount of calories burned in a day, which includes several components. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) accounts for the energy required to maintain essential physiological functions at rest, such as breathing and circulation. Voluntary activities, like exercise and any other physical movements, contribute to the overall energy expenditure as well.

By recognizing that both BMR and the calories burned from physical activities together form the total daily energy expenditure, it becomes evident why this choice is the correct one. It highlights the full scope of an individual's energy needs, combining both essential bodily functions and those related to conscious movements and exercise.

In contrast, other options focus on more specific components of metabolism. Active metabolism may suggest engagement in physical activity but does not explicitly encompass BMR. Resting metabolism solely references the energy expenditure at rest, excluding the active component. Involuntary metabolism pertains to processes like digestion and respiratory function that occur without conscious control, but again, this does not include voluntary activities. Thus, total daily energy expenditure is the comprehensive measure that incorporates both BMR and activities such as exercise.